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PROSPECTUS 


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CHATTANOOGA 


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LAND COMPANY. 


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INCORPORATED UNDER THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF 

NEW WORK, 


January, 1854. 


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NEW-YORK: 

OLIVER & BROTHER, PRINTERS. 89 NASSAU STREET 


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STALE fit STEAM Mff ROUTES 

PUBLISHED BY 


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Springs ^ 


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Fulton 


fount Pgism 


lessee 


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NasliyiUe to New Orleans 
Whites Creek 10 

ffilibbcro to 20 

Sycamore Cr. 22 4 2 

Brush Creek u 53 

Clarksville 16 69 

Palmyra 6 75 

Dover 3a 107 

Kentucky BounP 23 i 3 o 

Little River t 3 143 

EddyfrUe »9 lO* 

Southland Hr \ _ 

Ohio River J 
Tennessee Riv 11 214 

America 36 a 5 o 

Mississippi R* v - 11 2 8* 

New Madrid 05 326 

Memphis *49 47 5 

I Arkansas Riv. 172 647 

Tompkins v37 7®*i 

j IV cksburif M7 93i 

Natchez io3 io3j 

ST Fhm cisvill e i3q 1173 

Baton Rouge 34 tao' 

New Orleans i3i i33£ 


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EXPLANATION 


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Railroads ■ 

Do. m progress- 1 

Do proposed- \ 

State Capital — & 

Coiuilj Towns © Common I)o o 
Leading’ Roads 

The Land distances from Town to 
Town are noted along the Roads 
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thus 

the Figures indicate the quarters 


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ClarksboTX)\ 


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of the District court of the Eastern Distiict of Pennsylvania, 


Ttr^aca,7dmftooct ofU^Umthty^r ISSO.by Thomas. OwpmhrtUt l Co. in thi Clerk i office 





STE.AM 15 O^VT | 

ROUTE 

Nashville to Pitt 
Ohio River 
Rorkhaven 

Sh a wn ret own 
Carthage 

Mount Vernon 

Henderson ville 

S 

shirr g' pat 

2 03 I 
34 237 1 

27 264 

19 2 83 

12 2 Q 5 1 

32 3 l 7 1 

Rockport 

54 

3 -j, 

L ea van worth 

86 

45 U 

Louis ville 

59 

5 i 6 

Vevay 

67 

583 

Cincinnati 

65 

648 1 

Portsmouth 

io 3 

751 | 

Callipolis 

82 

833 

Marietta 

92 

9*5 ■ 

Wheeling 

81 

1006 

Pittsburg 

91 

1097 

Florence to New 

Orleans 

Waterloo 


24 I 

Bear Creek 

i 5 

39 

Hardin s ville 

38 

77 

Indian Creek 

32 

99 

Beech River 

3 » 

133 

Perrys ville 

7 

14 <» 

Duck River 

a 5 

165 

Reynoldsburg 

2 0 

>85 a 

Sandy River 

34 

219 

Grays Ferry 

44 

a 63 

Ohio River 

36 

299 

Ned Orleans 

n 35 

143.4 



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PROSPECTUS 


OP THE 





CHATTANOOGA 


MINING, MANUFACTURING, 


ANT> 


LAND COMPANY 


INCORPORATED UNDER THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF 

NEW-YORK, 


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( ( 


January, 1854 



..... , : , ^ 

NEW-YORK: 

OLIVER & BROTHER, PRINTERS. S9 NASSAU STREET 


1 85 4 , 

















“ The Chattanooga Mining, Manufacturing and Land Company,” repre¬ 
senting- 40,055 acres of land, situated in Hamilton, Marion and Bledsoe 
Counties, in the mineral region of East Tennessee, about five miles from Ten¬ 
nessee River—which is navigable for steamboats at all seasons to Knoxville, 
150 miles above this property, and to New-Orleans, 1,400 miles below—and 
about seventeen miles from the Chattanooga Railroad Station, communicating 
with Charleston and Savannah at the east, and with Nashville, also Memphis, 
upon the west. Other Railways are in progress, which will communicate, 
through North Carolina and Virginia roads, with the seaboard, at different 
ports ; thus enhancing the value of this property by rendering it easy of access 
and giving it outlets for its products to all the leading markets of the country. 

The property is well adapted for agricultural pursuits and for manufacturing, 
by its valuable water privileges; also for mining, as coal and iron are known 
to abound, and there exists the most favorable indications for copper, lead 
and tin. 

It is proposed to organize a Company with the above title, under the 
general law of the State of New-York, with a capital of $250,000, in 250,000 
shares of $1 each ; and privilege of increasing it to $500,000 in the discretion 
of the Directors. 

The projectors will appropriate 40,000 shares to the Treasury of the Com¬ 
pany, as a working capital , subject to the disposition of the Directors, as in their 
judgment will best promote the interest of the Stockholders. And 40,000 
shares will be offered to first subscribers at a reduced price of par value, the 
projectors taking stock for residue of purchase, in the confident belief that, by 
energy and unity of action, rapid settlements may be secured, and thereby 
increase the whole value of the property so as to declare large dividends. 

It is contemplated having the entire tract carefully surveyed, and plotted 
into alternate sections of fifty and one hundred acres, to accommodate and 
influence colonies and large settlements, which, it is believed, can be readily 
done when presented to the Germau, Swiss, and other emigrant societies, at a 
low price, reserving the mineral right. 

It is also intended to have the whole property scientifically explored for 
mineral resources, from which it is thought a large income may be realized, 
through leases to practical miners for tithes of the product, as pursued in 
European mineral regions. The recent discoveries of copper and other metals 
upon the Hiwassie, which is contiguous to portions of this property, render it 
almost certain that the same metalliferous veins extend through this tract. 

The increasing facilities of communication by the several railways com¬ 
pleted and in progress, the existence of very valuable resources, the fertility 
of the soil and adaptedness to agricultural pursuits, together with its health- 
fulness and salubrity of climate, will assuredly afford prominent inducements to 
enterprising settlers, and ensure, at an early day, a thriving, influential popu¬ 
lation in all industrial departments. 

Within a few months eastern capitalists have purchased large tracts of land 
contiguous to these sections, with the view of making extensive improvements, 
commensurate with their natural advantages ; and when the country becomes 
imbued with the energy and industry of the north and east, and begins to reap 


\ 


the benefit of skill, enterprise and machinery, the advanced value of every 
acre must be more than tenfold. 

Chattanooga, a town on the Tennessee River (near these lands), in Hamil¬ 
ton Co., containing a population of from 3,000 to 4,000 inhabitants, rapidly 
growing, and promises to be, at no distant day, the most flourishing manu¬ 
facturing city in Tennessee. There are already in operation extensive iron 
works, with many others in contemplation, invited hither by the inexhaustible 
quantity of superior iron ore and coal (in immediate proximity), contiguous to 
this great National Railroad Depot, connecting and diverging east, west, 
north and south, offering every facility for transportation where interest 
may dictate. 

This flourishing town has now two banks, insurance offices, churches for 
almost every persuasion of religion ; schools, public and private ; two weekly 
newspapers—in fact, every institution that is to be found in our oldest ‘puritan 
cities. 

Waldin Ridge, East Tennessee, where these lands are situated, is in that 
portion of the State east of the Cumberland range of mountains, bounded by 
North Carolina on the east, Virginia on the north, and Georgia on the south. 
This extensive district of country may be justly called a great basin, and is 
generally termed the Tennessee Valley—accessible at all points by teams 
for agricultural and mining purposes. These lands are gently undulating, 
with the Tennessee River near the base on the east, and Sequatsey Valley 
on the west, rising gradually from eight to ten hundred feet above the waters 
of the Tennessee River, in length about one hundred miles, and an average 
width of ten miles, situated 35° N. latitude, 8 9 50 / west from Washington 
City, and near the south-east corner of the State of Tennessee. Lands in this 
part of the State, hitherto, have not been considered of much value, from the 
want of an easy and ready communication to a market for their products. 
This cause and inconvenience has, within the last three years, been entirely 
removed by the introduction of railroads in every direction, and the navigation 
of the Tennessee River by steamboats. 

This Waldin Ridge is known to contain large deposits of minerals of various 
kinds, such as copper, lead, tin, iron, coal, &c. 

But little attention has hitherto been paid to mining in this country ; but 
of late it is the all-absorbing subject, and lands in North Carolina, Virginia, 
Tennessee, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and other States, which were considered 
of little or no value, are now commanding for their mineral qualities thou¬ 
sands of dollars per acre. The attention of our largest capitalists is now 
being drawn to this important subject, and large investments have already 
been made by many of them in various mining enterprises. 

Certificates from residents of the same counties, of the highest respectability, 
are hereunto appended ; and every precautionary step has been taken to 
secure an indisputable warrantee title, so that parties becoming interested 
may rely with confidence upon its intrinsic merits, and reasonably expect large 
returns upon their investments. 

COL. JOS. G. smith’s CERTIFICATE. 

I, Joseph G-. Smith, of Chattanooga, Hamilton Co., Tennessee, do hereby 
certify that the lands (forty thousand and five acres) which I have this day 
sold to Joseph Cowdin, of the city of New-York, and situated in the Coun¬ 
ties of Hamilton, Marion and Bledsoe, State of Tennessee. 


That the lands are what are denominated Table Lands, surface mostly level 
and gently undulating, as well situated for agriculture as any portion of the 
same extent in that vicinity. They are well timbered, with tall and thrifty 
growths of hickory ; white oak ; black, red, Spanish and chestnut oak ; 
pine ; chestnut, &c. The soil grey loam, resting on a sandy clay subsoil, 
and, with proper cultivation, produces large crops of wheat, oats, corn,’ 
rye, buckwheat, and all kinds of vegetables; potatoes, both sweet and 
Irish ; beans, peas, &c. ; and particularly good for different fruits, such as 
apples, peaches, pears, cherries, plums, grapes, &e. It is also superior to 
many other places for the cultivation of the grasses, such as timothy, red- 
top clover, rye-grass, cut-grass, orchard-grass, and the uncultivated forest 
produces inexhaustible quantities of wild grains, affording natural pasture 
for stock the greater portion of the year. The climate is regarded as the 
most salubrious in the country. The lands are well watered by springs and 
running streams. 

There are upon a portion of said lands, coal and iron ore of superior 
quality, and from the appearance of the out-croppings there must be inex¬ 
haustible deposits of both. 

There are no squatters on the lands. 

(Signed) .JOSEPH G. SMITH. 

New-York, 4th Nov. 1853. 

EDWIN NEWBY’S, ESQ., CERTIFICATE. 

Having been requested by Col. Jos. Gr. Smith, of Chattanooga, Tennessee, 
who is negotiating a sale of a large tract of land to Joseph Cowdin, Esq. of 
New York, situated in Hamilton, Marion and Bledsoe Counties, in the State 
of Tennessee, to state to Mr. Cowdin the character of these lands, I do so 
from pleasure from my own observation, having resided in Marion County, 
pursuing agricultural pursuits, since 1848. 

I therefore beg to state, that I have been a resident of Waldin’s Ridge, 
(in the Counties of Hamilton and Marion,) State of Tennessee, since 2d Nov. 
1848, and have had good opportunities of judging of the quality of the land 
to the climate, and pronounce the lands to be as good for general agricultural 
purposes as any section similarly situated. They are elevated, and are termed 
open table wood-lands. Timber tall and thrifty, of the various oaks, hick¬ 
ory, pine, chestnut, &c. &c., and, when subdued, will render to the husband¬ 
man a bountiful return for his labor. 

The various crops grown are wheat, corn, rye, oats, potatoes, sweet 
potatoes ; in fact, all the usual crops that are grown in the Middle States. 
Fruits are peculiarly adapted to this locality, and are grown equal to any 
other section of the world. 

Our garden vegetables are very superior, as the soil is loose and easily 
worked, and we obtain large and profitable crops. We have at Chattanooga 
a market, at good prices, for all that can be raised. 

Our climate is delightful in Summer, and the Winters are usually open and 
mild. For healthfulness there is no place superior to Waldin's Ridge. Pul¬ 
monary complaints are unknown, except to invalids who seek our climate and 
our chalybeate and other medicinal waters, for curable purposes. 

Thousands of cattle and hogs are annually fed upon the Ridge, (being ex¬ 
ceedingly fertile in the wild grasses,) by which the breeders receive a hand¬ 
some return, with little or no cost. 


V 


6 

Our neighborhood is chiefly settled by Northern Farmers, of industrious 
habits and good morals, and they are well satisfied with their prospects. 

Respecting the tracts in question, I have been over a large part of Hen¬ 
derson’s, Kelly’s and Billingby’s, lying in the County of Hamilton, either in 
surveying, chain-bearing, or from curiosity, and would pronounce them to be 
as good land, for general agricultural purposes, as any similarly situated on 
Waldin’s Ridge—good soil, well watered, &c., and I would suppose abundance 
of coal and iron could be found, and that the mines might be easily worked 
and drained. Copper and lead have been discovered in the surrounding- 
country. 

The title to these tracts I do not question, having had excellent opportu¬ 
nities of obtaining information respecting them. There are no squatters upon 
any portion to my knowledge. 

Some portions of these lands lie 5 to 7 miles from the Tennessee River, and 
about 17 miles from Chattanooga, where several railroads converge, and 
many others are contemplated. 

Col. Smith’s property in Bledsoe and Marion will answer, I think, to the 
description, &c. of the three tracts above mentioned in Hamilton County. 

(Signed) EDWIN NEWBY, 

Post-Master, Waldin’s Ridge, Marion Co., Tennessee. 

Neiv-York, 28 th October, 1853. 

w. h. gale’s certificate. 

Mr. Cowdin— Sir : At the request of Col. Jos. G. Smith, of Chattanooga, 
Tennessee, to give you such information with regard to the character of 
the country and lands in the counties of Hamilton, Marion and Bledsoe, 
State of Tennessee, as my observations, while in that country would enable 
me to do, I beg to state that, in September, 1848, I visited Waldin’s Ridge, 
Eastern Tennessee, and purchased a tract of land in Hamilton Co. from Col. 
Jos. Gf. Smith, whose titles I examined, and have no hesitation in believing 
as good as any in the State. 

I surveyed several tracts of 5,000 acres each, aud found them all about 
the same quality. A rich and luxuriant growth of grass covers the whole 
forest, and large herds of cattle are fattened annually, with no other expense 
than salt—all the vegetables and grains grown at the North thrive there, and 
yield abundantly. The timber is well diversified—there is pine enough for 
all building purposes, chestnut for fences, with every variety of upland oaks, 
some hickory, and other smaller varieties. 

These lands abound in bituminous coal, a quantity of which I sent to New- 
York. It was analyzed; and was found to contain some seven parts more 
carbon than Liverpool coal. I view these lands the most desirable of any 
now in the market at similar prices—they are admira-bly calculated for 
grazing, also for wool growing ; and are within forty-eight hours of the best 
markets in the country, viz., Charleston, Savannah, &c. There are two 
qualities of grass—the early spring or summer—growing with astonishing 
rapidity. The second is smaller, but grows all the winter. There never has 
been known any disease among sheep, hogs or cattle on the Ridge; and I 
was informed by a man who had resided there twenty-five years, that he had 
sold $1,200 worth of hogs in one season, and did not consume 300 bushels 
of corn in fattening them. 

There are also large deposits of iron ore, of good quality, and copper, 


7 


lead and other minerals have been discovered in the vicinity. Water privi¬ 
leges are abundant and of great power. Springs abound in every direction, 
and many of them chalybeate, droughts affect these lands less than any 1 
was ever acquainted with. The grass and grain is flourishing on the Ridge 
when all in the valleys is withered. 

From Chattanooga we go to Charleston, Savannah, or Nashville, by 
railroad ; and there is a road in progress to Memphis, also one up the valley 
of the Tennessee to Knoxville, and from thence to the Virginia line, connect¬ 
ing with the Virginia Central to Lynchburg, thence to Philadelphia and 
New-York. The terminus of these railroads is Chattanooga, on Tennessee 
River, seventeen to eighteen miles from a portion of these lands. 

Tennessee River is navigable for steamboats, running daily to Knoxville, 
the former Capital of the State, and some hundred miles above these lands. 

W. H. GALE, 

No. 160 Fulton Avenue, Brooklyn. 

New-York , 28 tk October , 1853. 

Extract from a statement made to the Farmers’ Club, in the City of New- 
York, by a person who visited Waldin Ridge to examine its peculiarities, 
and published in the columns of the New-York “ Farmer and Mechanic ” 
January 13th, 1848. 

I found, in Tennessee, a held of rice on high lands, some fourteen hundred 
feet above the level of the river. This presented an extraordinary crop. By 
measurement, as nearly as we could, the crop must have been at the rate of 
two hundred and fifty bushels per acre. This field is on Waldin Ridge. 
The seeds had been sown in drills. I present a specimen of this rice to the 
Club. I present, also, Moscow beans; these were, not many years ago, 
brought from Russia by Senator Whitesides, of Tennessee; he found them in 
the botanical garden, at St, Petersburgh; they flourish in Tennessee, and are 
highly esteemed—not less so than the Lima. The pods of the Moscow, you 
see, contain more than a dozen each of beautiful white beans. 1 present, 
also, sweet potatoes and yams; the acorns of the white oak of Tennessee, of 
extraordinary size, and of which, perhaps, twenty bushels fall from one large 
oak. The small ones, on the ground, are eaten by swine—the large ones 
sprout in the spring, and the rootlets begin to penetrate the ground; and, in 
this state, the swine are very fond of them, because the process of vegetation 
has rendered them sweet and palatable. I present a turnip—one of a crop 
on high ground; the field, of six acres, was covered with turnips much of this 
size; this one, on your table, weighed about fifteen pounds. I present, also, 
Turkey corn—a grain somewhat like millet, and used there to feed young 
turkeys. It also has the name of timothy. I present, also, cotton, grown 
from seed of Sea Island cotton, on high ground, in Tennessee. Trials of this 
cotton had been made there, and 803 bales of it had been raised, and last 
year 4,000 bales of it were raised. I present, also, white and reddish- 
colored corn, of which the crops are immense. The grains of the white corn 
are remarkably larsre. 

These seeds were distributed by the Club to Ira B. Underhill, Burlington, 
N. J., N. H. Washburn, Judge Livingston, Mr. Maurice, of Long Island, and 
others. 


V 


8 


Extract of a letter, under date of Dutchess County, New-York, January 24, 
1848, by two highly-respectable farmers, of that County, who had just 
returned from Waldin Ridge, Hamilton Co., Tennessee, who visited that 
portion of Tennessee with the view of satisfying themselves with regard 
to its climate, soil, productions, &c., for agricultural purposes. It must 
be borne in mind this was in 1848, previous to any attention, whatever, 
being paid to the mineral resources of our widely-extended country. 

‘'Having been farmers of Dutchess County, N. Y. for the last fifteen 
years, and, consequently, somewhat acquainted with the nature and products 
of that county, we have no hesitation in saying, that we believe the lands on 
Waldin Ridge are equally as productive, in every particular, as the lands in 
Dutchess County, which are now selling at from fifty to sixty-five dollars per 
acre.” 

Signed, James Mabbett, of Mabbettsville, and Will. H. Coffin, of Wash¬ 
ington Hollow, Dutchess County, N. Y. 

MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION WITH REGARD TO THE STATE OF TENNESSEE, DERIVED 

FROM RELIABLE SOURCES. 

There are, at this time, six copper-mining companies in successful operation 
in East Tennessee, all of which have been geologically explored, and the 
most favorable reports made public within the last two years ; most of 
them are in Polk County, only separated from our own property in Hamilton 
County by the County of Bradley, and Hamilton joins our other property in 
Bledsoe and Marion Counties. 

We have strong reason to believe these rich veins of copper that have been 
discovered, and are now being worked so profitably in Polk County, extend 
through most of our property, and on a parallel line far beyond it. 

The information we had received privately from intelligent men with regard 
to the mineral resources of most of our 40,055 acres of land induced us to 
close a purchase without subjecting it to a scientific geological examination; 
for had it gone through that ordeal the probability is we should not have 
been able to purchase it at ten times the amount it is here put into the com¬ 
pany at. 

The six copper companies alluded to at present in successful operation in 
East Tennessee are, the Hiwassie, Isabella, Davis, Cherokee, Tennessee, East 
Tennessee. 

The ore from some of those mines has already been sold in the New- 
York market, found to average twenty-five to thirty per cent, of pure copper, 
which sells readily in this market at auction or private sale at from $4 50 to 
$5 50 per cent, paying a profit to the companies of from $80 to $120 per 
ton for the ore. 

In the absence of copper, or any other mineral, save iron and coal, of which 
large deposits are known to be on this property, from its cropping out upon 
the surface extensively, and the daily use of it by the blacksmiths, and the 
superior quality of both, as analysis has demonstrated, gives unequivocal pro¬ 
mise of large return on the investment in the way of dividends. 


9 


ANALYSIS. 

A specimen of coal taken from Hamilton County, was forwarded to N. 
Haight, Esq. of this city, which he had analyzed, giving 94 per cent of car¬ 
bon. The iron is said to yield 85 per cent, protoxide of iron, to 2 per cent, 
of silex. 

On the Cumberland River (Tennessee, below Nashville) is a large iron man¬ 
ufactory, principally of bloom and pig-iron, established many years since by 
Messrs. Stacker, Wood & Co. enterprising bankers and merchants of Nash¬ 
ville, who are now, it is said, extending their works. Their iron ore and coal are 
the same in quality as that upon our property, and similarly situated, being 
in immediate proximity. The principal markets for their iron is Pittsburgh, 
Cincinnati, Louisville and New Orleans ; all of which can be furnished from our 
works by steamboats at much the same rate of freight, in addition to which, 
we have the advantage of the Charleston and Savannah markets by railroads, 
and from thence by packets or steamboats (at a very low freight) to all the East¬ 
ern markets, viz. New-York, Boston, Philadelphia, &c. At either point of ship¬ 
ment the freight upon the iron will be much less than from Glasgow, Scotland, to 
New-York, being exempt from duty, which the Scotch iron is required by our 
Revenue Laws to pay, of 30 per cent, which of itself is a handsome profit. 
It is said and confidently believed that Messrs. Stacker, Woods & Co. have 
realized a net profit of more than three millions of dollars on their iron works 
upon the Cumberland River within the last ten years. 

As the State of Tennessee is now looked upon as one of the richest mineral 
States in the Union. We have attached a correct map of that State, em¬ 
bracing partial statistics up to 1850, by way of reference. 

From Chatanooga Gazette, of 27th September , 1853 . 

Mineral Wealth. —The superiority of our stone coal is admitted by the 
best of judges, both in the smith’s forge and in the coke ; the blooms made 
from the latter always command a high price, the coke containing so small 
an amount of sulphur as scarcely to be detected by the closest analysis. Our 
manufacturers, when they enter the market with pig iron or blooms, are ex¬ 
empt from those annoyances which sometimes bring bankruptcy and ruin on 
their Eastern neighbors, through their iron being “ red short,” having been 
refined by coke made from coal, containing a large amount of sulphur. 

Again, the coal through this region contains less volatile matter than any 
coal yet analyzed in the Union, or has ever come under our observation ; it 
is, then, better adapted for the manufacture of those kinds of iron where 
toughness and tenacity are the principal characteristics. It will also produce 
one-fourth more iron from a given quantity of ore than any other kind of coal. 

A new vein of slate coal has lately been discovered, and is now in active 
operation ; fine specimens of it can be seen in different places ; in some, its 
color is intermediate between velvet black and dark grayish black; it is 
termed peacock coal, having the color of that bird’s feathers on its surface; 
it breaks out in egg-shaped concretions, and has a beautiful lustrous appear¬ 
ance ; it burns longer than cannel coal, cakes more or less, and leaves a slay. 

This coal lies in deep veins, never less than five feet, and as high as thirty; 
this coal is very valuable, if properly managed in the mines; it makes but a 
small quantity of fine coal; it generates a large amount of carbonic acid 
gas and requires a good supply of fresh air to keep the mines well ventilated. 

2 


Cannel coal, color between velvet and grayish black, and is sometimes called 
parrot-coal ; this kind has always commanded a higher price in market than 
any other species of this mineral ; it is so resinous it can easily be ignited as 
the cander, and gives out a clear white flame, burning with great brilliancy; 
this coal is not only a favorite in the parlor and cook-stove, but it is invalua¬ 
ble in the gas-works ; a pound of good cannel coal, properly treated in a 
small apparatus, will yield five cubic feet of gas, equivalent in illuminating 
power to a sperm candle, six in the pound ; on a large scale, however, 
three and a half feet of good gas is all that should be expected from one 
pound of coal; the cannel coal can be cut with a knife, or turned on the 
lathe into tumblers, tea-cups, sugar-bowls, and every kind of toy, and sells 
readily on the bank at about twice the price of any other kind of bituminous 
coal. 

We have traveled through most of the great Mining States, and having 
no interest in the matter whatever, we are at liberty to say, we have not seen 
any place where minerals abound to such an extent, and have the same natu¬ 
ral and artificial facilities as there is here. In Fottsville, Va., they have to 
sink deep slopes or shafts; in Richmond, Va., the same; some of them several 
hundred feet deep. The Maryland Mining Company have had to lay down 
a track at an enormous expense, before they could get their coal to market; 
and in nine out of ten instances in those countries, the iron ore has to be 
conveyed a long distance to the coal, or the coal to the ore. But here the 
case is different, the ore and the coal being almost in all cases located 
together. 

Enough, then, has been said on the coal and iron subject to give men of 
capital and enterprise an idea of the inexhaustible beds of coal and iron in 
our midst; they will see at a glance that there cannot possibly be a better 
locality for the manufacture of every description of iron. Rolling mills erected 
here would find a market for all they made at their own rates for years; the 
roads under construction, chartered and projected, will all want iron, and 
there is no better place to make it than in East Tennessee. 

Yours, OBSERVER. 


T I TLE. 

Evidence of good title of Joseph G. Smith, of Chattanooga, Hamilton Co. 
Tennessee, to 40,055 acres of land situate in Bledsoe, Hamilton and 
Marion Counties, Tennessee, conveyed by warranty deeds by him to 
Joseph Cowdin of New-York City. Annexed is, 

First—The Hon. James A. Whiteside’s endorsement of R. Henderson, Esq. 

as to his competency, integrity and veracity. 

Second—Richard Henderson’s, Esq. examination and report of said title. 

HON. JAMES A. WHITESIIU^S LETT EH TO JOS. COWDIN. 

Whereas, by written articles, entered into at the City of New-York, 4th 
November, 1853, by and between Jos. G. Smith, of Hamilton Co. Tennessee, 
of the first part, and Joseph Cowdin. Esq. of the City, County and State of 
New-York, of the second part, the said Joseph G. Smith agrees to sell and 
convey, or cause to be conveyed, to said Cowdin, forty thousand and five acres 

A * , 'A- 



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°f land, lying in the Counties of Hamilton, Marion and Bledsoe, in the State 
ot i ennessee: 

And, whereas, it is in said written articles agreed, that the titles to said 
an s shall be examined by the undersigned James A. Whiteside, and that 
e s ia ma * ve a r cp°i*t thereof, and whether the character of the lands be 
me as represented by said Smith in the written description thereof, attached 
to said articles of agreement: 

. And, whereas, it is further stipulated in said articles that if the said White- 
side cannot attend to the examination, he is authorized and empowered to 
appoint a substitute for the purpose as herein set forth: 

Now, the undersigned, the said James A. Whiteside, being unable to attend 
to the said examination and report, doth hereby appoint Richard Henderson, 
Rsq. of Chattanooga, Tennessee, for the purpose; and also certifies that the 
said Henderson is a gentleman of good character, for capacity, integrity and 
veracity. The said Henderson is further authorized and empowered to do 
and perform any act or thing which the undersigned could do under said 
articles of agreement. 

^ JAMES A. WHITESIDE. 

Chattanooga , 1 6th Nov. 1853. 

richard Henderson’s, esq., letter to mr. cowdin. 

Chattanooga , Term. Tec. 15, 1853. 

Joseph Cowdin, Esq., New-York City.—Dear Sir—By articles of agree¬ 
ment, entered into on the 4th day of November, 1853, between Joseph G. 
Smith and yourself, in relation to the sale of lands by him to you, lying in 
Hamilton, Marion and Bledsoe, in the State of Tennessee, you agree upon 
Col. James A. Whiteside, as attorney, to examine and report upon the va¬ 
lidity of the titles to the lauds described in yonr agreement, and also as to 
the quality of the lands; Col. Whiteside, not having it in his power to attend 
to the business, has thought proper, under the discretion given him, to confide 
to the undersigned the management of the business entrusted to him. 

Upon examination of the titles to the lands specified in your agreement, 
I find the grants upon which the titles are based to be regularly issued, and 
constitute a good and valid title, in fee simple, to the lands covered by them; 
and the powers of attorney authorizing Joseph G. Smith to sell and convey 
the lands set forth in each power, are executed and authenticated in con¬ 
formity with the laws of Tennessee, and authorize him to pass the title. The 
records of the different comities in which the lands in question are situated 
show no lien or incumbrance of any kind for taxes or other claim upon the 
lands. 

Therefore, I report that the titles to said lands, as conveyed by Smith to 
you, are good and valid, and free from incumbrance, including taxes. I can 
also state to you, that Smith’s . representation, as to the character of the 
lands, as attached to your said agreement, are correct and true. 

This statement is made, subject to,the following explanation:—Smith has 
title to only five hundred acres of Grant No. 4,764, in the name of James 
J. Riddle; and he has title to eleven hundred acres of Grant No. 3,383, to 
Henry Miller; and his deeds to you correspond to the number of acres here 
stated in those two tracts, and not to the number of acres set out in the 
agreement. All the other tracts correspond with the number of acres set 


12 


out in said articles, making, in the aggregate, forty thousand and fifty-five 
acres conveyed to you, instead of forty thousand and five acres, as stipulated. 
Yours respectfully, 

E. HENDERSON. 

P. S. —Joseph G. Smith’s deeds to you were executed and placed in my 
hands on the 30th day of November last. 

R, HENDERSON. 

N. B.—Application for further information may be made to 

J. COWDIN, SO Broadway, N. Y 

New-York, January , 1854. 


POPULATION OF THE STATE OF TENNESSEE, 

By Counties, in 1850. 


Anderson,. 


Hancock,.... .... 


Morgan. 

....3,430 

Bedford,. 

...21,512 

Hardiman,. 

...17,456 

Obion,. 

....76,33 

Benton,. 


Hardin. 

...10,328 

Overton,. 

...11,211 

Bledsoe,. 

....5,959 

...12,382 

Hawkins,. 

...13,370 

Perry,. 

= ...5,822 

Blount, •*••••*••• 

Haywood,. 


Polk,. 


Bradley,. 


Henderson,. 


Rhea,. 


Campbell,.. 


Henry,. 

...18,233 

Roane,.. . 

...12,185 

...16,145 

Cannon,. 


Hickman,. 


Robertson. 

Carroll,. 


Humphreys,. 

....6,422 

Rutherford,. 

...29,122 

Carter,. 


Jackson, . 

...15,673 

Scott, • • •«. •«• * * 

....1,905 

Claiborne,. 

Cocke.. 

. ...8,300 

Jefferson,. 

Johnson, ___ 

...13,204 

....3,705 

Sevier,. 

Shelby,. 

.. .31 157 

Coffee,. 


Knox,. 

Smith,. 


Davidson, .. 


Lauderdale,. 


Stewart,. 

. ...9,719 

Decatur,. 


Lawrence,. 

. ...9.280 

Sullivan,. 

...11,742 

De Kalb, . 

....8,016 

Lewis, . 


Sumner . 

...22,717 

Dickson,. 


Lincoln . 


Tipton, . 


Dyer,. 


Macon,. 


Yan Buren. 


Fayette,. 

...26,719 

Madison,. 


Warren,. 


Fentrees,. 


Marion,. 


Wa shington,. 

...13,861 

Franklin, . 


Marshall .. 


Wayne, . 


Gibson, . 


Maury, . 


Weakley, . 


Giles, . 


Me Main .. 

...13,906 

White . 


Granger, . 

....2,773 

McNairy ,. 


Williamson, . 


Greene, . 

(T-rnnOv.. 

Meigs, . 

Monroe, . 

....4,879 
.. .11,874 

Wilson, . 


Hamilton, . 


Montgomery, . 

...21,045 

79 Counties, . 

1,002,625 


The population of this State was, in 1190, 30,791 ; in 1800, 105,602 ; in 
1810, 261,727; in 1820, 422,813; in 1830, 681,704; in 1840, 829,210; 
and in 1850, 1,002,625. 

Among the agricultural productions of Tennessee for the year 1850 were 
1,638,470 bushels of wheat, 52,131,863 of Indian corn, 19,405 of flaxseed, 
192,635 of ginned cotton, 20,144,380 lbs. of tobacco, L340,833 of wool, 
8,130,686 of butter, 12,942 tons of hay, &c. 

The number of acres of improved land was 5,081,051 ; farms in cultivation, 
12,710 ; value of farming implements and machinery, $5,351,118 ; of live 
stock, $29,134,193 ; of home-made goods, $3,168,116 ; number of manufac¬ 
turing establishments, producing annually $500 and upwards, 2186. 



















































































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